Arduino 4WD Wall Follower & Obstacle Avoidance Robot

Overview

This autonomous wall follower robot is designed to demonstrate automated path tracking and closed-loop control. Built on a flat, red acrylic 4-wheel-drive (4WD) chassis, the robot uses acoustic distance feedback to maintain a steady path. Core Functionality: • Wall-Following Algorithm: Equipped with a side-facing ultrasonic sensor (HC-SR04/HC-HR04) to continuously measure its distance from a wall, allowing the Arduino to adjust motor speeds dynamically and maintain a parallel path. • Collision Avoidance: Outfitted with a front-facing ultrasonic sensor to detect head-on hurdles. If a barrier is detected, the microcontroller overrides the wall-following loop to steer the robot safely away. • Motor Control: Driven by four TT gear motors managed by an L298N dual H-bridge motor driver, enabling steady forward, reverse, and turning maneuvers. • Independent Power Supply: Powered by a dual-cell Lithium-Ion battery holder mounted directly to the chassis, complete with a dedicated rocker power switch. Package Includes: • Fully assembled and pre-wired 4WD Wall Follower Robot • 20-page comprehensive project report, containing system circuit diagrams, algorithm descriptions, and Arduino source code.

Key features

• Autonomous navigation parallel to vertical surfaces
• Dual ultrasonic sensor array (side and front HC-SR04/HC-HR04)
• Dynamic obstacle avoidance and path correction logic
• Four-wheel drive (4WD) with high-traction tires
• L298N motor driver integration for robust steering control
• Onboard mini breadboard for organized wiring connections
• Dual-cell Lithium-Ion battery setup with physical power switch
• Includes a 20-page project report with circuit diagrams